Farmers traditionally flood rice paddies throughout the growing season - a practice known as continuous flooding - providing ideal conditions for microbes that produce large amounts of methane. However, it is not helpful for farmers with small plots.Rice is grown in warm, waterlogged soil. Cash crop farming is beneficial for those who have large farms and can afford expensive equipment and fertilizers. Promoting the growth of cash crops can help boost the economy, but it does discourage growing crops meant for domestic consumption. While the former is meant to serve the farmers, their families, and livestock, the latter is meant to earn profits. Thus, we see that subsistence farming and cash crop farming differ in the basic purpose with which they are practiced. This is not the case with subsistence farming. ► In cash crop farming, planning and management need to be done carefully and with skill, so that there is high production at a price that is affordable to the customers as well as pays for production and helps generate profits. ► Cash crop farming is quite common in developed countries whereas subsistence farming is relatively less common. ► Cash crop farming usually involves monocropping (growing a single crop), while subsistence farming involves the multiple cropping or mixed cropping practice. In subsistence farming, just enough crops are grown by the farmers for consumption by them and their families, thus, providing them with the basic needs. ► Subsistence farming differs from cash crop farming as cash crops are grown mainly for direct selling and profit-making. ► Black market cash crops like coca, cannabis, and opium poppies are also produced. It is used for the production of biofuel. ► Jatropha curcas is an example of a cash crop. Coconut and its derivatives are widely used in cooking, and in making soaps and cosmetics. ► A well-known global cash crop is coconut and it is grown in over 80 countries having a climate suitable for its growth. ► Wheat, rye, corn, oats, barley, rapeseed, mustard, potatoes, rice, millet, apples, oranges, cherries, coffee, cotton, strawberries, raspberries, soy beans, tea, etc., are some common examples of cash crops. ► Cash crop farming may prove beneficial only to those farmers who have food security and access to other necessary inputs and income, whereas small farmers may face constraints. The outcome of this could also be mass starvation caused due to the extensive destruction of a particular crop. ► Moreover, the continuous use of monocropping has been linked to soil degradation or decline in the soil quality, which further leads to the growth of pests and disease-causing pathogens. Due to this, there may be limited production of certain food crops. ► Monocropping or sole cropping is followed, wherein a single crop is grown each year on the same land.
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